Almozara, temporarily dubbed for most of the twentieth century as “Chemistry” is a district of Zaragoza (Spain) which borders the districts of Delicias, Central, Casco Antiguo, ACTUR-Rey Fernando Barrios Rurales Oeste and Oliver-Valdefierro .
Urbanized areas of the neighborhood can be divided into 4 zones: urban towers of St. Lambert, near Santa Orosia Street, El Portillo-Aljafería and lower the district (which is most identified as neighborhood Zaragoza Almozara, an area which in turn can be subdivided into two parts, Puerta Sancho and Almozara old).

HISTORY

Middle Ages

In the Muslim period the area was “al-Musara” or esplanade, located outside the city walls. It was a space where they practiced military exercises, ceremonial parades and equestrian sports. Also worked as a great public space, as the Muslim medinas lacked large squares, due to Islamic urban characteristics. She was surrounded by orchards, cereal crops and a large grove (forest) from shore. In the second half of the eleventh century building, just east of the “al-Musara” Palace of Aljafería. The name “al-muzara” (Almozara) is also the recipient of a canal that brings water from the river Jalón to the city of Zaragoza, despite its toponymy is believed that water infrastructure is much older than the Arabs, specifically diversion dam in the ditch beneath the bridge over the river Jalón A-68/N-232 blocks there and Romans also believed in the ditch can be referred to the conflict between hydraulic (Alagón) and Salduba (Zaragoza ) in Botorrita Bronzes and hotel abano terme.
His face remain so until 1563 when it is aware of the existence of a small rural village convent or (Torres of St. Lambert) who was in the midst of the garden and which has not survived in name only, this core was surrounded by work towers and gardens.

Advent of the railroads

With the first industrial air come to the area agricultural industries and a lumberyard. Later in 1861 with the opening of the railway line Zaragoza-Alsasua the neighborhood is divided into two by a land side of the upper terrace (zone avd. Of Navarre and St. Lambert Torres) and the other the lower terrace which will be completely isolated in 1870 with the opening of the branch line link to Barcelona which crosses the river by the bridge current Almozara. This isolation will come until mid-2008. In terms of 1872 reflects the existence of Soto La Almozara (owned by the Town Hall) which extended the grounds of the Military CD Soto, C. Tiro de Pichon, municipal nurseries and residual current location. Since opening in 1933 the line Caminreal causes the splitting of the upper terrace area hotel paphos and brings Caminreal station (opposite of Almozara goods) which further widens the scar rail.

The first settlement

In 1898 installed chemistry (a manufacturing company and fertilizers acids), this also brings large factory building 20 houses for the staff of the company, a particular and even halt this factory will name the neighborhood during the follow XX. The neighborhood because of its isolation will not enter into development plans until 1933 in approving the development of orchards between Gate Aljafería and Sancho. In 1938 urban settlement begins inside the neighborhood. A mid-twentieth century the establishment of the freight station Almozara also led the creation prestiti senza busta paga of a rail housing for workers next to the RENFE station. Slowly the crowd began to leave the place and in August 2006 the houses were demolished.
The General Plan land plot of 1957 about the chemistry, heavy immigration to the late 50′s and 60′s. It plots of land north of the road and environment Almozara the street Santa Orosia. In the early 80′s chemistry was moved to Alcala de Ebro, nevertheless there are still problems with contaminated land, but served to prevent environmental pollution affecting Saint Paul and the old town.
In the 70′s were built the AP-68 (Highway Aragon Basque) and A-2. The A-2 area is the delimitation of the West and Northwest also have a new bridge over the Ebro AP-68 was further aggravate the division of high and low areas of the district, to the point that led to the realization of protested the district was provided with an outlet to the south and realizzazione siti web.
Urban Hatching
In the 80 you open a new departure for the Delicias, also opens Europe’s Square and the Bridge is expanded and remodeled Almozara for wheeled traffic  with car hire paphos in 1987, taking part the structure of the old railway bridge. This bridge was expanded and renovated several times. The last train passed October 1, 1976, after 106 years of service, eliminating the level crossing what is today the Plaza de Europa. The isolation allows half west of the neighborhood (called Puerta de Sancho in tribute to the london medieval door facing the road Almozara) does not develop prestiti pensionati until the 80 free from the influence of the development and modern urban development that provides quality buildings and environments. Besides the land transferred ferrous and Chemistry give way to a modern residential area and a large park that articulate the neighborhood with the city. In 1994 the streets of the old neighborhood undergo a major renovation, making roads and Pablo Gargallo Almozara) in avenues.

Third Millennium Bridge, built for Expo 2008.

In 2003 was inaugurated the Zaragoza-Delicias Intermodal Station, which despite its name was built on land Almozara. No wonder the Expo 2008 the opening of three new bridges over the Ebro, the Bridge of the Third Millennium (end of the 3rd belt city), the Bridge Pavilion and Gateway Volunteer, hid the train tracks and the AP-68 was converted into the water ride thus ending the traditional fragmentation and isolation of the neighborhood recupero dati hard disk. The late urban development in the neighborhood, the traditional isolation and proximity to downtown, have led to Almozara is a mainly residential neighborhood, with large pedestrian areas, wide sidewalks, green areas, with relatively small avenues, one way and without excessive traffic predominantly pedestrian movements, trade district and public transit movements.

Future

In the short term, the implementation of the “Barrio del AVE” or “Milla Digital” will involve the construction of 3,616 homes in the neighborhood, which will mean increasing the neighborhood’s population by about 40%.

Zaragoza

Zaragoza is a city in Spain. It is the capital of the Autonomous Community of Aragon and of the homonymous province. It is situated on the banks of the river Ebro, Huerva and Gallego and the Imperial Canal of Aragon, in the center of a wide valley. Its privileged location, about 300 km from Madrid, Barcelona, ​​Valencia, Bilbao and Toulouse, the knot becomes a major logistical and communications.
It is the fifth largest Spanish city with a population 675 121 inhabitants (INE 2010) 5 6 (699 917 according to the municipal register December 30, 2010) 7 and concentrates more than 50% of the population of the Autonomous Community of Aragon.
Its current name comes from the ancient Roman toponym, Caesaraugusta, which was in honor of Emperor Augustus in 14 a. C. The origin of the city dates back to Salduie, which was the name of the city located in the Iberian sedetana the current solar Zaragoza since the second half of the third century C. It is documented in Iberian coins with the name “Salduvia” in a text of Pliny the Elder. With the founding of Caesar Augusta, Iberian city-state went on to become immune colony of Roman citizens. His Roman name evolved through the Arabic or Sarakusta Saraqusta.
The city holds the title of Very Noble, Loyal, very heroic, very beneficial, always heroic and immortal, will grant most resistance after Napoleon’s army in the Sieges of Zaragoza during the Peninsular War Independence. All these titles are reflected in his shield, using the initials of each of them.
Celebrates its festival in honor of the Virgen del Pilar on October 12. The pattern of the city is San Valero (January 29).
Between June 14 and September 14, 2008, the bicentenary year of the Sieges of Zaragoza and the centenary of the Spanish-French, 1908, Zaragoza hosted the Expo Zaragoza 2008 International Exhibition dedicated to water and sustainable development. Zaragoza is the sixth largest city with more turismo.8 Spanish
In addition, the city of Zaragoza is home to the United Nations Secretariat for the Decade of Water.
Geography
It sits in the middle of the Valley Ebro, on the banks of the Ebro half at the point where the rivers flow Huerva and Gallego rivers that run through the city.
The river Ebro is key to the city because the land on conditions to live. Today, thanks to the International Exhibition Zaragoza 2008, the bank of the river is in very good condition, has worked hard to prepare them for that Zaragoza can enjoy it: they have opened long stretches of bike lanes, parks have been created with different services …
In the middle river, the terrain is generally flat, especially in the northern part of the city, while the south has a slight angle as you climb away River. The height of the river Ebro as it passes through Zaragoza is 199 m, although much of the city is above the 210 m and the southern suburbs as Torrero and La Paz, there are over 250 meters.
The materials exposed in the city and its surroundings are mainly gravel, sand and clay settling the product of the Ebro during the Quaternary, which are arranged in river terraces several meters thick on the units of gypsum and silt deposited during the Tertiary . These materials are considered evaporites formed by evaporation of the water in large ponds endorheic depression that marked the Pyrenees, Iberian and coastal Catalan. This area was opened to the Mediterranean endorheic by erosion remontante one or more gullies, precursors of the present Ebro River
The saline nature of evaporites, coupled with low rainfall and strong evaporation coefficient, have encouraged the development of a unique steppe vegetation in the surroundings of Zaragoza, which is a rarity botany and landscape at the European level, although it is undervalued in general by its inhabitants. The contrast between this landscape and lush groves of the river is one of the attractions of the falls in a canoe that can be performed upstream and downstream of the city.

Climate
Zaragoza has a climate semiarid continental Mediterranean, which is typical of the Ebro basin, which produces extreme temperatures. The winters are very cold, being normal frosts and fogs that inversion occurs between December and January. The summers are warm usually exceeding 35 ° C and even passing the 40 ° C for many days. The low rainfall concentrated in spring. The annual average is quite low, about 315 mm mainly influenced by the foehn effect. The highest temperatures in history are 47.2 ° C on 14 July 2004 of 43.1 ° C July 22, 2009. 42.8 ° C on 26 August 2010 and 42.6 ° C on 17 July 1978 and the lowest -14 ° C recorded on January 1, 1888.12 13 14 Zaragoza on average only one day of snow a year to be encased in a little valley altitud.15
According to the Meteorological Agency, the average wind speed is 19 km / h. The north wind blows frequently during the winter and early spring.

History of Zaragoza
The city of Zaragoza has over two thousand years of history. The oldest documented population data of the seventh century C., in the remains of settlements at the end of the Bronze Age. The first news of an urban settlement dating from the second half of the third century C. and tell us of an Iberian city to call Salduie identified with the name “Salduvia” in a text of Pliny the Viejo.23
The Roman city was a colony immune Caesaraugusta the city refounded by Augustus Iberian veterans of the Cantabrian wars between the 25 and 12 a. C., most probably the 14 a. C.23 then had a rectangular and an area of ​​47 hectares, coinciding with the current street layout of the old town, and its perimeter was delimited Coso Street south and east, Cesar Augusto Avenue to the west and Ebro River to the north. Shortly after he became the most important urban center of the valley of the Ebro The city declined during the late empire.
The year 452 was conquered by the Swabians and 466 by the Visigoths, who joined the kingdom of Toulouse. He also had to withstand the siege and open the 541 attacks many Basques.
In the seventh century his episcopal enjoyed a period of splendor with figures of bishops Tajona Braulio of Zaragoza. The year 714 was occupied by the Saracen Musa ibn Nusair and became an important Muslim center called “al-Baida Saraqusta Medina” (White Zaragoza), which unsuccessfully attempted to occupy Charlemagne in 788.
In the ninth century the Banu Qasi, from the Visigothic count Casio (died February 25, 715) that quickly turned to Islam, made it the capital of his vast domains shortly after the 852 independent Musa II, known in Christian tradition as the “Moro Muza” until the Emir Mohamed I bought them Zaragoza in 884 of 15,000 dinars of gold. Fell the power of the Banu Qasi and 890 were the tuyibíes hegemony, Yemenis that came from Calatayud and Daroca when Alanqar Muhammad became the governor of Zaragoza.
Capital of the upper border with the Christian kingdoms under the Umayyad Caliphate, and enjoying some autonomy from the central government, the city’s Muslim communities including the tenth century: the Jewish quarter and Moorish quarter. After the disintegration of the Caliphate of Cordoba, was erected in the capital of an important kingdom, the Taifa of Saraqusta, in 1018, with the reign of tuyibí Mundir I.
The period of glory of the Islamic city was in the eleventh century, especially during the reign of Al-Muqtadir (1046-1081), as belonging to the dynasty of the Banu Hud, who expanded his kingdom with the annexation of the Taifa Tortosa and Denia Taifa and submitted to vassalage to the Taifa of Valencia, and built a splendid fortified palace of pleasure: the Aljafería, whose works began in 1065. Hudí dynasty managed to maintain its independence from the empire Almoravids and the pressure of a young kingdom of Aragon, until in 1110 the city had to be given the power marabout, who took over the governance of the exregidor city of Valencia to Muhammad ibn al-Hajj. In 1115 he was replaced by Ibn Tifilwit, who appointed vizier to the great philosopher Avempace.
With the help of Occitan and Aragon, Alfonso I the Battler was able to conquer Zaragoza in 1118, which would soon become the capital of the Kingdom of Aragon, where the headquarters were crowned kings of the Crown of Aragon. The Muslim population had to move outside the walls of the city, where he founded the new district of the Moors, while the village was repopulated by Franks and given in fief to Gaston IV of Bearn.
Since the end of the thirteenth century was the center of the Union Aragonese (an association of nobles to limit royal power and maintain their privileges), until it was defeated by Peter the Ceremonious 1384. The dynastic union of the Crown of Castile and Aragon in a city transformed over the Habsburg monarchy. The establishment of the Inquisition was the cause of major riots and the murder of the inquisitor Pedro Arbués in 1485. In the fifteenth century the city joined the suburbs of St. Paul’s farmers and fishermen from the tanneries. During the reign of Ferdinand the Catholic University was founded and built the Exchange. The expulsion of the Jews in 1492 and the Moors in 1609 caused a stagnation in growth, but despite that, no longer a major city (with 25,000 people in 1548).
It was the scene of riots because of the imprisonment of Antonio Perez, secretary of Felipe II, who prosecuted by King, invoked the protection of the Aragonese charters 1591. The riots ended with the execution of Juan de Lanuza Justice and the introduction of some restrictions on their privileges. During the War of Succession, the city in defense of freedom and sovereignty of Aragon, Aragon own institutions and law, declared partisan of Archduke Charles of Austria, occupied by the Bourbon troops, lost the autonomy that he had enjoyed up that time (1707), and only briefly in 1710 was recovered at repealed its charter by the decrees of the New Plan, which left the city to host major institutions of the Kingdom of Aragon.
During the eighteenth century the population grew from 30,000 inhabitants (1725) to 43,000 (1787). In 1760 there was a mutiny Esquilache parallel, and in 1776 he founded the Economic Society of Friends of the Country. During the War of Independence (1808-1814), Zaragoza fought clashes with French troops. In the war against Napoleon became famous throughout Europe for their sieges, remains a symbol of resistance to Napoleon. In the first siege (June-August 1808), General Verdier had to give up drinking. In the second siege (December final 1808-21 January 1809) capitulated after fighting a series of extremely violence, where people heroically collaborated with the troops of the defenders, under the orders of Palafox, who shut himself up with 30,000 men. Moncey then ran the second siege Lannes. An estimated 8,000 French were killed and 40,000 supporters, because within the city spread an epidemic of typhus. During the Carlist Carlist Wars General Juan Cabañero attempted to occupy the city the morning of March 5, 1838, but was rejected by the garrison. On January 2, 1854 was an unsuccessful attempt delivery.
Cholera in 1885 caused many casualties. However, in 1900 the city had a 100,000. In the nineteenth century also saw the first major changes that have shaped the modern city: the site of the railway station (North Station), which generated a residential and industrial construction and walk-out of Independence (started in 1815), with its porches, which created an axis running from the Coso to the Huerta de Santa Engracia and articulated growth toward what would be the widening of the early twentieth century, with the Gran Via and Paseo de Sagasta as streets main. At the end of s. XIX became the focus of a strong immigration attracted by the recent rural industrialization process the city.
At the beginning of the twentieth century, the cultivation of sugar beet industry and determined the onset of an industrial bourgeoisie regeneration movement encouraged the National League of Production (1899) and the National Union (1900) Joaquin Costa and Basilio Paraíso. There was a rural immigration, the emergence of a proletariat and the growth of the city (town planning concentrically around a core primitive). The National Labour Confederation (CNT) was the strongest association with a difference. There was evidence of terrorism, like the assassination of Cardinal Juan Soldevila and Romero (June 4, 1923). On July 19 the garrison, commanded by General Miguel Cabanellas, easily dominated the city, which was threatened by the columns Catalan (Fall 1936) and during the offensive Belchite.
During the Franco dictatorship reopens the Military Academy and moved the Ebro Hydrographic Confederation of various development plans after completing the route of the nineteenth century, occurred in the last thirty years of the tremendous growth of the town by passing the natural barrier which is the Ebro, and has led to the construction of new neighborhoods populated.
Since the second half of the nineteenth century until today, Zaragoza has continued strong, and is currently the fifth largest city in Spain demographic terms.
Economy
Zaragoza is Spain’s fourth largest city by Económica.24 Activity Index in the city’s economy ranks high factory Opel (General Motors) in Figueruelas, a town in the metropolitan area, around which has developed a network of engine auxiliary industries. In the industrial field also excel BSH (Bosch Siemens Balay …) (appliances), CAF (rolling stock), SAICA, ICT Iberian Torraspapel (paper); Pikolin (mattresses); Lacasa (chocolates), Hispano-Carrocera (coaches); Lecitrailer (semi) Amber (beer) and so on.
Projects such as Plataforma Logística de Zaragoza (PLAZA), with 12 500 000 m² is the largest in southern Europe, have driven the logistics sector in recent years [when?] Particular emphasis on the momentum gained by the Zaragoza airport in relation to freight, which has placed third in Spain in 2009, behind Madrid and Barcelona.25
In late 2007, announced the project for the city of leisure and play “Gran Scala” to be located in the Aragonese region of Los Monegros.
This kind of major business initiatives are linked other than encouraging the establishment of offices in the city, for example, the World Trade Center building or space Zaragoza International Exhibition 2008, become a City business complex and Justice.